West Nile Virus in Dogs

The first confirmed case of West Nile virus infection in a dog has been reported by the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign and confirmed by the Illinois Department of Public Health in Chicago.  However, this is likely not the norm; the dog that was affected was an 8-year-old who was suffering from an immuno-compromising disease.  After the initial outbreak in 1999 a lot of dogs, especially those in the New York area, have been tested and shown to be exposed.  However these dogs have not had any symptoms associated with West Nile Virus, and to our knowledge dogs are incapable of transmitting the virus in the rare chance they do become exposed to it. 

 Humans and horses are still the most susceptible to the virus. Health experts agree that based on knowledge to this date, the recent cases of dogs with West Nile Virus infection are likely isolated incidents.  Pets are very resistant to West Nile Virus, perhaps even more resistant than humans.  “Clinical signs of West Nile Virus infection in dogs are similar to that found with other diseases (i.e. rabies, distemper, parasitic and fungal infections, or cancer) and include head bobbing, stumbling, fever, depression, and weakness.  The similarity of West Nile Virus to other diseases is a bigger reason to worry about the health of you and your pet,” according to Dr. Dennis Horter at Prairie Village Pet Hospital.  If your pet shows any unusual symptoms they should be examined by a veterinarian immediately. Even though there is little chance that your dog may have West Nile, that doesn't mean it's not something else very serious.

“In reality, there is a greater chance of our pets getting heartworm disease from mosquitoes than West Nile Virus” says Dr. Jim Nelson.  Dr. Skinner commented, “We have clients who have used Skintastic or Skin-So-Soft on their pets and it has worked well.  Avoid products containing DEET, as they can be toxic to our four-legged friends.  Also, avoid application of the repellent around the eyes and mouth since it can be irritating.”  Also, some topical flea sprays will help deter mosquitoes.  Otherwise, our advice to pets is similar to what has been given to humans:

-         Consider minimizing exposure during peak hours – particularly at dawn, dusk, and the early evening

-         Reduce areas of free-standing water in your yard

-         Empty water from flower pots, pet food and water dishes, birdbaths, swimming pool covers, buckets, barrels, and cans at least once a week

-         Prevent pets from coming into contact with dead birds or squirrels.

-         If your pet has an immunosuppressive disease or is on immunosuppressive medication you should consult with your veterinarian for additional recommendations. 

  If your pet experiences any neurological signs such as incoordination, depression, decreased appetite, difficulty walking, tremors, abnormal head posture, circling or seizures, you should contact your local veterinarian and have your pet examined. 

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